Blechnum brasiliense, commonly known as the Brazilian Tree Fern or simply Blechnum, is a beautiful and relatively easy-to-care-for fern species that can thrive in a terrarium setting. These care guidelines are designed to help you provide the best environment for your Blechnum brasiliense in a terrarium.
Terrarium Setup:
Terrarium Type: Choose a glass or acrylic terrarium with a lid to create a closed, humid environment. A size of at least 10 gallons is ideal to allow for proper growth.
Substrate: Use a well-draining substrate mixture. A combination of potting soil, sphagnum moss, and perlite is suitable. Make sure it's moist but not waterlogged.
Lighting: Provide indirect, filtered light. Blechnum brasiliense prefers bright, but not direct, sunlight. You can achieve this by placing the terrarium near a bright window or using artificial grow lights with a timer set for 12-14 hours of light per day.
Temperature and Humidity: Maintain a temperature range of 65°F to 75°F (18°C to 24°C) with high humidity levels between 60% to 80%. Use a hygrometer to monitor humidity levels and a thermostat if necessary for temperature control.
Watering:
Watering Frequency: Keep the substrate consistently moist but not soggy. Water when the top inch of the substrate feels slightly dry. Watering needs may vary with environmental conditions, so monitor the moisture level regularly.
Water Quality: Use distilled or rainwater to prevent the buildup of minerals that can harm the fern. Ensure that the water is at room temperature to avoid shocking the plant.
Fertilization:
Fertilizer Type: Use a balanced, liquid, or water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half or quarter strength. Apply it every 4-6 weeks during the growing season (spring and summer).
Fertilizing Schedule: Reduce or stop fertilizing during the fall and winter when the plant's growth slows down.
Pruning and Maintenance:
Pruning: Trim dead or yellowing fronds to encourage new growth and maintain the plant's appearance.
Cleaning: Keep the terrarium clean by removing any fallen leaves or debris regularly.
Propagation:
Blechnum brasiliense can be propagated through spores or by dividing mature plants. Spore propagation can be challenging and time-consuming, so division is often the preferred method. Divide the plant during the growing season, ensuring each division has healthy roots and fronds.
Common Issues:
Drying Out: Inadequate humidity or underwatering can cause the fern to dry out. Maintain proper humidity levels and check the moisture in the substrate regularly.
Yellowing Fronds: Yellowing fronds may indicate overwatering or poor drainage. Adjust your watering routine and substrate accordingly.
Pests: Keep an eye out for pests like mites, aphids, or scale insects. Isolate any affected plants and treat them promptly with neem oil or insecticidal soap.
Final Tips:
Avoid overcrowding the terrarium with too many plants, as this can lead to poor air circulation and increased disease risk.
Monitor your Blechnum brasiliense regularly for any signs of stress or disease, and take prompt action to address issues.
With the right care and attention, Blechnum brasiliense can thrive and become a stunning addition to your terrarium, adding a touch of lush greenery to your indoor space.